Dietes insipiabdus or water diabetes

It is often confused with Diabetes Insipidus Diabetes Mellitus, but they are two totally different conditions. Or insipidus Diabetes Insipidus (DI) is a rare condition of water metabolism, why is popularly known as "water diabetes." Diabetes Insipidus is caused by a hormonal disorder centered in the pituitary gland. In her kidneys are unable to conserve water, which makes them frequent urination and pronounced thirst. The disease affects children and young adults and can be present from birth. If not treated in childhood can cause brain damage, hyperactivity and mental retardation, among others.

Vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted by the hypothalamus, stored in the pituitary gland and then released into the bloodstream. This hormone controls the production of urine in the kidneys and helps these organs and body conserve the correct amount of water to prevent dehydration.
Symptoms of Diabetes Insipidus

The most common symptoms of diabetes insipidus are excessive thirst, dehydration, excessive production of urine. Urinary excretion at night is called nocturia, while the involuntary excretion of urine during sleep, is called enuresis or bedwetting.
Children with diabetes insipidus also may experience the following symptoms: high fever, poor feeding, poor growth, irritability.

Causes of diabetes insipidus
Different factors can cause diabetes insipidus, including:
• Family Heritage.
• Dysfunction of the hypothalamus (producing very small quantities of ADH).
• Dysfunction of the pituitary gland (not release ADH into the bloodstream).
• Tumor.
• Damage to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland during surgery.
• Brain Injury.
• Blockage of arteries supplying the brain.
• Tuberculosis.
• Encephalitis, inflammation of the brain.
• Meningitis, inflammation of the meninges (membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord).
• Sarcoidosis, a rare inflammation of the lymph nodes and other body tissues.

Diagnosis of Diabetes insipidus
For the diagnosis requires an exam and complete medical history that included daily fluid consumption, diet and patterns of urination. Diagnostic procedures for diabetes insipidus may include urinalysis, blood tests, water deprivation test, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
The existence of diabetes insipidus is confirmed by checking the following alterations: daily urine volume over 4 liters, the urine is diluted is eliminated (its density is less than 1010), the plasma is concentrated (high osmolarity above normal, almost always above 290 mOsm / kg.).